Heating appliance.



No. 779,018. PATENTED JAN. 3. 1905. J. D. YORK.

HEATING APPLIANCE.

APPLICATION FILED 0OT.10,1902.

2 SHEETSBHEET l.

Wit-M25555 Inventor WM.M John I]. YJFK PATENTED JAN. 3, 1905.

J. D. YORK.

HEATING APPLIANCE.

APPLICATION FILED 0o'1.10,19oz.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J MA Inventor Atfnl ne .lNiTnn STATES Patented January 3, 1905.

JOHN D. YORK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HEATING APPLIANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 779,018, dated January3, 1905.

Application filed October 10, 1902. Serial No. 126.758.

T0 ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN D. YORK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Heating Appliances, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification.

My invention relates to heating appliances, and more particularly tothat class of heating apparatus which may be used for heating liquids,such as water, or for the purpose of generating steam, as insteam-boilers.

More particularly, my invention relates to the application ofhydrocarbon fuels as burned in ahydrocarbon or petroleum burner for suchheating purposes.

Petroleum-burners have heretofore been applied to steam-boilers; but ithas been the practice to apply such burners to boilers which have beendesigned and constructed for the purpose of burning wood or coal orother solid fuels which are burned upon agrate. When the heat from suchfuels has been replaced by the heat from the flame of ahydrocarbonburner, there has been a great waste of heat energy, due tothe fact that the flame from a hydrocarbon-burner radiates heat almostequally in every direction, and when such a flame is applied to a boilerdesigned for burning coal, for instance, much of the heat generated bythe burner has been dissipated on account of the comparatively smallheatingsurface ofthe boiler-shell which has been exposed to the flame ofthe burner. In other words, the efliciency of a heating apparatus, suchas a steam-boiler, would be very much improved if the usefulheating-surface were made to entirely surround the flame. Anotherserious difliculty which has heretofore been experienced in using ahydrocarbonburner with the ordinary type of boiler or other heater isthat the intense heat generated by the combustion of ahydrocarbon hasbeen suflicient to injuriously affect the boiler-plate.

My invention contemplates the provision of a specially-designed heateror heatingtank, such as a water-heater or steam-boiler, so as -toutilize a greatly-increased percentage of the heat energy available andat the same time to provide aheatingapparatus notinjuriously affected bythe use of a petroleum-burner.

My invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a steamboilerembodying my invention, in which the front plate has been removed. Fig.2 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of a steamboiler constructed inaccordance with my invention. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectionalview of a petroleum-burner adapted for use in connection with myimproved boiler.

In all of the said figures like reference characters refer to similarparts.

I have shown aboiler-shell 1 provided with a steam-dome 2 and thecustomary fire-fines 3 3. These flues are desirably expanded into theboiler-heads in such a way as to leave no sharp outwardly-projectingcorners of metal, which would be readily attacked by the heat of thecombustion. Through the lower part of the boiler and securely riveted tothe boiler-heads 4. and 5 extend one or morecombustion-flues 6, whichmay desirably be of substantially circular cross-sections in order tobetter withstand the steam-pressure upon the outside thereof. Thesetubular combustion-flues may desirably be made slightly conical,converging from the front to the rear of the boiler, as best illustratedin Fig. 2. The boiler-shell is desirably supported in a boilersetting 7,having a rear fire-wall 8, against which the hot gases issuing from thetube 6 may strike. Thus between the boiler-head 5 .and the fire-wall8and partly inclosed by the boiler-setting 7 there is formed what I shallcall a combustion chamber, whose sole purpose is to conduct the hotgases of combustion issuing from the end of the tube 6 to the flues 3 3.r

In front of the boiler-shell proper is desirably located the front plate9, having a transverse wall 10, separating the chamber 11, into whichthe fire-Hues open from the chamber 12, in which the petroleum-burnersaredesirably located. A flue 13 leads to a chimney. The

petroleum-burners, one or more for each comthe twyer.

bustion-flue, are desirably located in the lower chamber 12. Thesepetroleum-burners may desirably be centrally located with respect to theend of their associated tubes. The burners employed are especiallyadapted to throw a long narrow flame in contrast to those burners fromwhich a flame of a practically spherical shape is thrown. In accordancewith my invention I construct these burners with an outer twyer 14:,which is provided upon its interior surface with inwardly-projectingspiral bars 15 15. I provide piping 16, through which to carry to thetwyer either steam or hot or cold compressed air or other fluid adaptedto support combustion. The hydrocarbon to be burned, which may be eitherin a gaseous or liquid state, is desirably supplied through the piping17 to the needle-valve chamber 18, from which leads the fuel-nozzle 19,to which the supply of fuel is regulated I by the needlevalve 20. Thesteam in passing through the twyer from the piping 16 to the orifice 21thereof receives a rapid whirling motion'due to the rifling of Thepetroleum or other liquid fuel which may be supplied through thefuelnozzle 19 is drawn out and thoroughly intermixed with the steamwhich. may be passing through the twyer. Thus the steam, intermixed withfuel, issues from the orifice of the twyer with a rapid rotary orwhirling motion, which is particularly well adapted to hold together theflame caused by the combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel in acombustion-supporting gas. Thus one of my improved burners when located,as shown, at the center of the front end of one of the tubes 6 throws along slender flame in through the tube 6, from which the heat generatedmay readily radiate in every direction, and thereby be absorbed by thewater-backed walls of the combustion-flue.

A continued combustion of the gas adapted to produce aflame extendingthroughout a greater part of the length of the combustionflue ispromoted by the provision of means adapted to supply additionalcombustion-supporting gas at intervals throughout the length of theflue. In the drawings 1 have illustrated one embodiment of devicesadapted to supply additional combustion-supporting gas to thecombustion-flue. Ihave shown piping 22 connected with the steam-supplypipe 16 and running through openings 23 in the boiler-shell. Around eachcombustion-flue I find it desirable to spirally wind a pipe 24:, fromwhich openings or nozzles 25 lead to the interior of the combustion-flue6. The steam-pressure in this spirally-wound pipe may be regulated bythe valve 26, whereby the pressure in the pipe 24 may be regulated, soas to spurt in through each of the openings 25 a suitable stream ofsteam. While I have shown a spirally-disposed line of openings ornozzles 25, the disposition of these nozzles is not material, it

being merely necessary that means be provided by which to supplyadditional steam to the interior of the tube 6. It is, however,desirable that these auxiliary streams of steam be sprayed in toward thecenter of the tube, and therefore the arrangement shown is desirable.Furthermore, if the piping conveying this steam was led in through theinterior of the tube it would be destroyed by the intense heat generatedtherein. As shown, the water surrounding the piping 24 is sufficientprotection against the heat. I find that the introduction of steam or asimilar gas into the interior of the tube continues the combustion ofthe gas introduced through the burners throughout the entire length ofthe tubes. The gas as sprayed in through the burner-twyer seems to bemost effective when the proportion of steam or combustion-supporting gasis not quite sufiicient to cause the perfect combustion of the fuel.Therefore the introduction of additional combustionsupporting gasthrough the nozzles 25 supplies to the flame the additional steamnecessary for the perfect combustion thereof, and the introduction ofthis additional steam in the manner which I have described entirelyprevents the disagree able puffing of the flame.

The gases of. combustion issuing from the rear end of the flue 6 causean intense heating of any surface upon which they impinge. Thus I havefound it impracticable to direct the flame from such a burner against asteel or metal surface even when backed up by circulating water, asmight be readily arranged in a boiler. The-highly-heated surface of therear wall 8 in turn radiates to the rear boilerhead a large portion ofthe heat imparted thereto, whereby but a small proportion of heat energyis lost.

A boiler constructed in accordance with my invention is a distinctimprovement over those boilers, such as a marine type of boiler, inwhich the coal-burning grates are placed within a fire-flue locatedwithin the outer boiler-shell, and which fire-flue leads toacombustion-chamber in the rear part of the boiler, whichcombustion-chamber extends upwardly and there connects with fire-fluesextending forward through the upper part of the boilershell. Suchboilers when used in connection with hydrocarbon-burners are extremelysubject to injury of the boiler-plate, due to the direct impinging ofthe flame thereupon.

It will be seen that in accordance with my invention I provide means forproducing a long slender flame well adapted to radiate a large quantityof the heat generated therein and a boiler having a heating-surfacepeculiarly adapted to receive a large proportion of the available heatfrom such a flame, and at the same time I have provided a boiler noteasily subject to injurious efiects due to the intense heat produced bya hydrocarbon-burner.

I find it particularly advantageous to employ crude or wholly orpartially refined petroleum as a fuel to be burned in connection withlive steam. There is a particular advantage in the combination of steamand crude petroleum, in that the heat of the steam heats the heavypetroleum to such an extent that it flows readily and evenly through thefuelnozzle. However, any hydrocarbon fuel in connection with anycombustion-supporting gas may be employed.

In this specification and in the following claims I employ the termboiler to include any inclosed chamber in which to heat any liquid,whether under pressure or not. Thus the term will include not onlyboilers adapted for the purpose of steam generation, but also appliancesintended for heating Water or other liquids.

While I have herein shown and described one particular embodiment of myinvention, it will be apparent that many changes and modificationstherein might well be employed, and I do not, therefore, Wish to limitmyself to the precise disclosure herein set forth; but,

Having described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent 1. In a boiler, the combination Withacylindricalboiler-shell, of a combustion-chamber at the rear thereof, a conicalcombustion-flue of circular cross section passing entirely through saidboiler from front to rear, and opening into said combustion-chamber, aheatresisting fire-Wall placed opposite the end of said tube, fire-fluesleading from said combustionchamber through to the front of saidboiler-shell, a hydrocarbon-burner directed to conduct a flame into saidcombustion-flue, a spirally-wound pipe passing through the boiler-headand wound about said combustionfiue, and nozzles connected with saidpiping and opening through the walls into said combustion-flue, saidpiping and nozzles being adapted to convey live steam to the interior ofsaid combustion-flue, substantially as described.

2. In a boiler, the combination Witha boilershell, ofacombustion-chamber at the rear end thereof, a conical combustion-flueof circular cross -section passing entirely through said boiler andconverging in diameter from front to rear and opening into saidcombustionchamber, a hydrocarbon-burner adapted to direct its flame intothe front end of said flue and toward said combustion-chamber, a pipeWound spirally about the exterior of said flue throughout its entirelength, said pipe being connected with the steam-supply from saidboiler, and nozzles connected with said piping extending through thewalls into the interior of said flue to convey steam to the interior ofsaid flue throughout its length, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 4th day of October,A. D. 1902.

JOHN D. YORK.

Witnesses:

LYNN A. WILLIAMS, HARVEY L. HANSON.

